1. Direct Contact: Touching an infected person or their bodily fluids (e.g., blood, saliva, mucus).

2. Indirect Contact: Touching contaminated surfaces, objects, or utensils.

3. Sharing Personal Items: Sharing personal items like towels, razors, or makeup can spread infections.

4. Mother-to-Child Transmission: Passing infections from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.

5. Contaminated Medical Equipment: Using medical equipment that hasn’t been properly sterilized or disinfected.

6. Close Living Quarters: Living in close proximity to others, making it easier for infections to spread (e.g., in hospitals, schools, or military barracks).

7. Organ or Blood Transplantation: Receiving contaminated organs or blood products during medical procedures.

8. Airborne Transmission: Inhaling droplets containing pathogens (e.g., flu, COVID-19) spread through coughing, sneezing, or talking.

9. Vector-Borne Transmission: Being bitten by an infected insect (e.g., mosquito, tick) or animal (e.g., flea, sandfly).

10. Poor Hygiene: Failing to wash hands regularly, especially after using the bathroom, before eating, or after blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing.

11. Animal Bites or Scratches: Being bitten or scratched by an infected animal, potentially transmitting diseases like rabies.

12. Insect Bites or Stings: Being bitten or stung by an insect that transmits diseases like malaria, dengue fever, or Lyme disease.

13. Contaminated Soil or Water: Coming into contact with contaminated soil or water, potentially leading to infections like tetanus or leptospirosis.

14. Contaminated Food and Water: Consuming food or water contaminated with harmful bacteria, viruses, or parasites.